In an animal, large masses of muscle tissue are able to survive and grow because a vast network of blood vessels delivers nutrients to cells throughout the tissue. Jul 26, 2017 a dinnertime conversation with an outspoken vegan or an evening browsing through netflix documentaries will tell you that we have a huge meat problem. By bringing the stages of the meat production process closer together spatially and temporally, meat supply can be better determined by demand. Researchers comparing the production of cultured and conventional meat found that producing 1,000 kilograms of cultured meat involves. Oron catts and lonat zurr sample their in vitro steak. May 04, 2012 another challenge of in vitro meat production is the difference in texture between labgrown and natural meat. With cultured meat, there are no waste products like bones and other internal organs. It is a form of cellular agriculture cultured meat is produced using many of the same tissue engineering techniques traditionally used in regenerative medicine. In vitro cultured meat production semantic scholar. To produce animal meat, but without using an animal. Us fda approves the use of invitro techniques for commercial meat production.
The ethics of producing in vitro meat wiley online library. Oct 20, 2017 production of in vitro meat can be capable of sustaining the demand for meat because of the quick multiplication. In vitro meat production is a novel idea of producing meat without involving animals with the help of tissue engineering techniques. The basic methodology of an in vitro meat production system imps involves culturing muscle tissue in a liquid medium on a large scale. Prospectus of cultured meatadvancing meat alternatives. Although the development path of in vitro meat techniques remains uncertain, the basic steps required for initial industrialscale production seem clear. Technological, regulatory, and ethical aspects of in vitro. However, most people who have consumed in vitro meat have confessed that the meat tastes bad. Willem van eelen receives the first patent for invitro meat production techniques. In vitro meat production idea got boosted up as nasa wanted improvements in foods for astronauts in space. Apr 18, 2015 in vitro meat production idea got boosted up as nasa wanted improvements in foods for astronauts in space. Researchers hypothesize that cultured meat could lead to monumental changes in meat production, perhaps replacing factory farming or increasing demand for smallscale farming. The industry is the largest user of agricultural land, is a contributor to climate change, and is rapidly draining the world of scarce resources. The world of in vitro meat would you eat a steak grown in a laboratory.
Willem van eelen receives the first patent for in vitro meat production techniques. The basic idea behind cultured meat is to grow this muscle fiber in cell cultures based on muscle stem cells. The in vitro production of meat is probably feasible with existing tissue engineering techniques and may offer health and environmental advantages by reducing environmental pollution and land use associated with current meat production systems. The idea is to grow meat in a culture in the lab and manipulate its composition selectively. The result is that animal welfare measures are commonly reduced to an absolute minimum or largely ignored in factory. Oct 07, 2014 the in vitro meat cookbook acknowledges all these potential future stresses on the food system it predicts a threefold increase in the number of meat eating humans on the planet by 2030 as well. Tedxtoronto 2012 speaker isha datar, author, possibilities for an in vitro meat production system tech.
In vitro meat production system is the production of meat outside the food animals by culturing the stem cells derived from farm animals inside the bioreactor by. By culturing loose myosatellite cells on a substrate, it is probably possible to produce cultured meat by harvesting mature muscle cells after. Life cycle assessment lca research method was used for assessing environmental impacts of largescale cultured meat production. Production of in vitro meat can be capable of sustaining the demand for meat because of the quick multiplication. Benjaminson, j gilchriest and m lorenz, in vitro edible muscle protein production system.
In vitro meat production involves culturing of stem cells outside the food animal from which it is derived. Oron catts and lonat zurr sample their invitro steak. Benjaminson, j gilchriest and m lorenz, in vitro edible muscle protein production system mpps. The concept of cultured meat was popularized by jason matheny in the early 2000s after coauthoring a seminal paper on. In this section, mark highlights the link between stem cell science used in medicine and in food.
Cyanobacteria hydrolysate was assumed to be used as the nutrient and. A meat product containing in vitro produced animal cells in a three dimensional form and a method for producing the meat product. Review possibilities for an in vitro meat production system. Volume 7, issue 2, august 2010 university of michigan. Cultured, or in vitro, meat consists of edible biomass grown from animal stem cells in a factory, or carnery. The idea for this source of meat stems from the desire to keep the slaughter of animals out of the meat distribution process 1. Jul 31, 2015 the idea is to grow meat in a culture in the lab and manipulate its composition selectively. Abstract meat produced in vitro has been proposed as a humane, safe and environmentally beneficial alternative to slaughtered animal flesh as a source of nutritional muscle tissue. In 20, mark post and his colleagues at the university of maastricht presented the first cultured meat in vitro meat burger made from bovine stem cells. This biofabrication of complex living products by using various bioengineering techniques is a potential solution to reduce the. A dinnertime conversation with an outspoken vegan or an evening browsing through netflix documentaries will tell you that we have a huge meat problem. Challenges and benefits over conventional meat production article pdf available in journal of integrative agriculture 142 february 2015 with 6,700 reads.
Production of in vitro meat for processed meat based products will require largescale culturing in large bioreactors as stem cells and skeletal muscle cells require a solid surface for culturing and a large surface area is needed for the generation of sufficient number of muscle cells. John f vein possessed a patent on tissue engineered meat for humans 10. Bioprocess design considerations for cultured meat. Requirements for invitro meat cell source scaffold bioreactor culture media and growth factors fields. As in vitro meat is still being developed you cannot cook our recipes just yet, however, they will provide abundant food for thought and discussion. Design a qualitative content analysis of the comments made on online news articles highlighting the development of ivm and the worlds first ivm hamburger in august 20. Requirements for in vitro meat cell source scaffold bioreactor culture media and growth factors fields. To understand current public perceptions of in vitro meat ivm in light of its potential to be a more environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional meat. Pdf in vitro meat production system is the production of meat outside the food animals by culturing the stem cells derived from farm animals. Technological, regulatory, and ethical aspects of in vitro meat. The first step will be the extraction of a tissue sample from a donor animal that remains otherwise unharmed. Cultured meat in vitro meat clean meat could have financial, health, animal welfare and environmental advantages over traditional meat. Meat produced in vitro has been proposed as a humane, safe and environmentally beneficial alternative to slaughtered animal flesh as a source of nutritional muscle tissue.
Regulation of cellcultured meat cellcultured meat also referred to as labgrown meat, clean meat, in vitro meat, imitation meat, synthetic meat, and fake meat is grown in laboratories from animal cellcultures figure 1. Considerations of the topic of meat are inevitable in this context. The technological innovation is intended to offer a possibility of reducing or even eliminating the negative effects of current meat production and meat consumption on humans. Jun, 2019 unlike conventional meat, which is mostly produced around rural areas, cultured meat production units could be established near to or within the cities in proximity to prospective consumers as in vitro meat production has freed itself of massive land and water involvement and feeding schedules and methane production. Global meat production has tripled over the last four decades. The ethics of producing in vitro meat pubmed central pmc. The goal of this study was to estimate energy use, land requirements, and. Pdf in vitro meat production system is the production of meat outside the food animals by culturing the stem cells derived from farm animals inside. Cyanobacteria hydrolysate was assumed to be used as the nutrient and energy source for. Cultured meat production 2005 11 tissue engineering 659622. Dec 30, 2010 production of in vitro meat for processed meat based products will require largescale culturing in large bioreactors as stem cells and skeletal muscle cells require a solid surface for culturing and a large surface area is needed for the generation of sufficient number of muscle cells.
The comparatively minimal land requirement of an in vitro meat production system allows meat production and processing to take place domestically in countries which would normally rely on imported meats. While most us consumers would try cultured meat once, they cannot imagine replacing farmed meat regularly. Science writer michael specter examines the progress scientists have made in developing testtube meat. In vitro production protocol in vitro production of bovine embryos. It is evident that todays meat production and meat consumption are having a negative impact on the environment, human health, and animal welfare, and are exacerbating the issue of world hunger. In this article, i scrutinize and problematize this promissory discourse by examining the world that proponents envision. The in vitro production of processed meats is probably feasible with existing tissue engineering techniques and may offer health and.
The in vitro production of processed meats is probably feasible with existing tissue engineering techniques and may offer health and environmental advantages over existing meat production systems. The in vitro meat cookbook acknowledges all these potential future stresses on the food system it predicts a threefold increase in the number of meateating humans on. Us fda approves the use of in vitro techniques for commercial meat production. Cnnthe latest craze in the food industry, in vitro or clean meat, is produced by extracting stem cells from animals and then growing and multiplying those cells in a. Cultured meat invitro meat clean meat could have financial, health, animal welfare and environmental advantages over traditional meat. It is being developed as a potentially healthier and more efficient alternative to conventional meat. Dec 30, 2010 the in vitro production of meat is probably feasible with existing tissue engineering techniques and may offer health and environmental advantages by reducing environmental pollution and land use associated with current meat production systems. The production of highlystructured, unprocessed meats faces considerably. On the other hand, some may prefer the consumption of in vitro meat to the slaughter of live animals, and it may be argued that the current industrial meat production infrastructure is unnatural and puts a bigger strain on the planets natural resources than does growing meat cells artificially. Us7270829b2 industrial production of meat using cell.
In vitro meat is the idea of manufacturing of meat products through tissueengineering technology. Although the production of cultured meat is possible in principle, there is as yet no process for largescale. In vitro meat, also known as testtube meat, labgrown meat, crueltyfree meat, or cultured meat is meat grown in a lab with limited use of a living animal. Indeed, participants at a recent in vitro meat workshop in the netherlands proposed a novel compromise between the value of natural means of meat production and the benefits of ivm. Third, the production technology would require legal and regulatory approval and oversight. The latter technique was employed by benjaminson, gilchriest, and lorenz, the first researchers to have applied tissueengineering techniques to meat production. This exponential growth of livestock meat sector poses a gigantic challenge to the sustainability of food production system. At the same time, the demand for food crops will also increase. In the process, meat should become healthier, more environmentally friendly and kinder to animals. The techniques required to produce in vitro meat are not beyond imagination and the basic methodology of an in vitro meat production system involves culturing muscle tissue in a liquid medium on a large scale. In the coming decades, in vitro biomass cultivation could enable the production of meat without the need to raise livestock. Cultured meat is produced in vitro by using tissue engineering techniques. In this paper we discuss the concept and applications of producing meat by culturing edible animal muscle in vitro.
Pdf life cycle assessment of cultured meat production. Each component of the system offers an array of options which are described. Recent advances in the in vitro gas quality of feed resources. Due to the nutritional importance and the sustained popularity of meat as a foodstuff, the livestock production sector has been expanding incessantly. There are many known health risks associated with genetically modified food therefore the labgrown meat should not be altered from its natural state. The livestock sector is the fastest growing subsector of agriculture and employs 1. A solution for problems of meat production and meat. In vitro production protocol university of florida. Another challenge of in vitro meat production is the difference in texture between labgrown and natural meat. Industrial production of meat using cell culture methods download pdf. Second, the total environmental impact of producing a unit of cultured meat would need to be lower than conventionally produced meat. First, cultured meat production process would need to scale up in a cost.
Global meat production has more than doubled since 1970, and researchers estimate cultured meat could reduce both greenhouse gas emissions associated with meat production and deforestation of grazing land. This paper aims to discuss the concept of in vitro meat production system, articulate the underlying technology and analyse the context of its implications, as proposed by. The future of meat issues in science and technology. Anticipatory life cycle analysis of in vitro biomass.
Livestock production imposes a serious burden on the environment. A new technological breakthrough is being contemplated to develop a substitute for livestock meat. Abstract defined as meat cultured in a laboratory within a bioreactor under controlled. Industrial farming is not a sustainable method of meat production, and in vitro meat could lessen the reliance on the deeply flawed industry. The meat we consume consists largely of animal muscle fiber. We therefore strongly support increased funding of cultured meat initiatives. It is concluded that vegetarianism and potentially invitro. The techniques required to produce animalfree in vitro meat are not beyond imagination and the basic methodology involves culturing muscle tissue in a liquid medium on a large scale but the production of highly structured, unprocessed meat faces considerably greater technical challenges and a great deal of research is still needed to. In vitro meat production is a novel idea of producing meat without. Possibilities for an in vitro meat production system. As the global demand for meat grows, it is necessary to evaluate the sustainability of current meat production. Using an anticipatory life cycle analysis framework, the study described herein examines the environmental implications of this emerging technology and compares the results with published impacts of beef, pork, poultry.
According to the united nations food and agriculture organization, raising livestock produces. Pdf due to the nutritional importance and the sustained popularity of meat as a foodstuff, the livestock production sector has been expanding. The in vitro meat cookbook presents 45 recipes that explore and visualize what in vitro meat products might be on our plate one day. Cellbased meat, also called clean, lab, synthetic or in vitro meat, has attracted much media interest recently. Barriers remain to the largescale production of in vitro meat, however. Consumer demand for cellular meat production derives principally from concerns over environment and animal welfare, while secondary considerations include consumer and public health aspects of animal production, and food security. Pdf possibilities for an in vitro meat production system. Cultured meat is meat produced by in vitro cell culture of animal cells, instead of from slaughtered animals. This paper aims to discuss the concept of in vitro meat production system, articulate the underlying technology and analyse the context of its implications, as proposed by several scientists and stakeholders. He shows how producing minced meat is a different challenge to producing a steak. Abortion and animal rights coauthored with michael c. In vitro meat production system is the production of meat outside the food animals by culturing the stem cells derived from farm animals inside the bioreactor by using advanced tissue engineering techniques. Using an anticipatory life cycle analysis framework, the study described herein examines the environmental implications of this emerging technology and compares.